![]() ![]() Therefore, we propose to (1) control the expansion from IG population to others areas through trapping beavers and (2) eradicate beaver populations of the adjacent small islands (small area comparative to Isla Grande) and especially from the continent. It is important to consider that successful eradication programs of mammals always were conducted in small islands while invasive populations on larger islands or those that display no distinct structure are more problematic, so the eradication of Castor canadensis in the TDFA would be logistically very difficult or perhaps impossible. These results indicate that the Isla Grande is a single management unit (MU) and every small island in the archipelago is a separate MU. Although, sea water and mountains could be considered barriers for beaver's dispersion, we found no barriers to gene flow within the Isla Grande, which may be due to the complex stream watershed network that allows beavers to easily disperse. With these data we also identify management units (MUs) of the invasive beaver in the TDFA. To analyze the data, TDFA population was subdivided into five subpopulations and a slight structure was found (ϕst =0.169). We detected 7 D-loop haplotypes, 3 of them resulted the most abundant and distributed all along the archipelago. Here, we present the genetic variability and population structure of 222 mitochondrial DNA beaver samples. From 25 pairs intentionally released in 1946, beavers have increased their numbers to a current population size of aprox.100,000 individuals. Beaver are responsible for the most drastic landscape alteration in Tierra del Fuego since the last glacial age, affecting not only the hydrology and composition of the southern beech forest, but more importantly allowing other exotic species to invade the ecosystem. The Tierra del Fuego Archipelago (TDFA) contains numerous invasive species, of which Castor canadensis is the most abundant and important invasion. ![]()
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